近些天,看了一些博客园大牛关于webApi项目的的文章,也有请教师兄一些问题,自己做了个Demo试了试,收获甚多。感谢感谢,下面是我一些学习的总结,如若有错的地方请多多指教!!
WebApi登陆与身份验证
因为在调用接口的时候都必须传sessionKey参数过去,所以必须先登录验证身份。
身份信息的认证是通过Web API 的 ActionFilter来实现的,所有需要身份验证的API请求都会要求客户端传一个SessionKey。
在这里我们通过一个自定义的SessionValidateAttribute来做客户端的身份验证, 其继承自 System.Web.Http.Filters.ActionFilterAttribute。
public class SessionValidateAttribute : System.Web.Http.Filters.ActionFilterAttribute { public const string SessionKeyName = "SessionKey"; public const string LogonUserName = "LogonUser"; public override void OnActionExecuting(HttpActionContext filterContext) { var qs = HttpUtility.ParseQueryString(filterContext.Request.RequestUri.Query); string sessionKey = qs[SessionKeyName]; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(sessionKey)) { throw new ApiException("无效 Session.", "InvalidSession"); } IAuthenticationService authenticationService = new AuthenticationService();//IocManager.Intance.Reslove<IAuthenticationService>(); //验证用户session var userSession = authenticationService.GetUserDevice(sessionKey); if (userSession == null) { throw new ApiException("无此 sessionKey", "RequireParameter_sessionKey"); } else { //todo: 加Session是否过期的判断 if (userSession.ExpiredTime < DateTime.UtcNow) throw new ApiException("session已过期", "SessionTimeOut"); var logonUser = authenticationService.GetUser(userSession.UserId); if (logonUser != null) { filterContext.ControllerContext.RouteData.Values[LogonUserName] = logonUser; SetPrincipal(new UserPrincipal<int>(logonUser)); } userSession.ActiveTime = DateTime.UtcNow; userSession.ExpiredTime = DateTime.UtcNow.AddMinutes(60); authenticationService.UpdateUserDevice(userSession); } } public static void SetPrincipal(IPrincipal principal) { Thread.CurrentPrincipal = principal; if (HttpContext.Current != null) { HttpContext.Current.User = principal; } } }
需要身份验证的apiControler 上加上[sessionValidate],则这个Controller下面所有Action都将拥有身份验证功能
如果是需要管理员权限才能请求的数据的话,那么我们再定义一个 SessionValidateAdminAttribute 来做管理员的身份验证,在需要管理员权限才能请求的控制器上加上[SessionValidateAdminAttribute ],则这个控制器下面所有Action都只有通过身份验证的管理员才有权限请求。
public class SessionValidateAdminAttribute : System.Web.Http.Filters.ActionFilterAttribute { public const string SessionKeyName = "SessionKey"; public const string LogonUserName = "LogonUser"; public override void OnActionExecuting(HttpActionContext filterContext) { var qs = HttpUtility.ParseQueryString(filterContext.Request.RequestUri.Query); string sessionKey = qs[SessionKeyName]; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(sessionKey)) { throw new ApiException("无效 Session.", "InvalidSession"); } IAuthenticationService authenticationService = new AuthenticationService();//IocManager.Intance.Reslove<IAuthenticationService>(); //验证用户session var userSession = authenticationService.GetUserDevice(sessionKey); if (userSession == null) { throw new ApiException("无此 sessionKey", "RequireParameter_sessionKey"); } else { //todo: 加Session是否过期的判断 if (userSession.ExpiredTime < DateTime.UtcNow) throw new ApiException("session已过期", "SessionTimeOut"); var logonUser = authenticationService.GetUser(userSession.UserId); if (logonUser == null) { throw new ApiException("无此用户", "Invalid_User"); } else { if (logonUser.Permissions == 1) { filterContext.ControllerContext.RouteData.Values[LogonUserName] = logonUser; SessionValidateAttribute.SetPrincipal(new UserPrincipal<int>(logonUser)); } else { throw new ApiException("用户无权限", "No permissions"); } } userSession.ActiveTime = DateTime.UtcNow; userSession.ExpiredTime = DateTime.UtcNow.AddMinutes(60); authenticationService.UpdateUserDevice(userSession); } } }
关于:[EnableCors(origins: "*", headers: "*", methods: "*")] 的说明,
详情查看:http://www.cnblogs.com/artech/p/cors-4-asp-net-web-api-05.html
关于用户过期时间:每次调用接口的时候 会自动更新sessionKey的过期时间,如果长时间未更新,则下次访问时会过期,则需要重新登陆。
加入身份验证后的 UserControler
[EnableCors(origins: "*", headers: "*", methods: "*")] [RoutePrefix("api/Users"), SessionValidate, WebApiTracker] public class UsersController : ApiController { private readonly IUsers _users=new UsersImpl(); #region 根据用户ID获得用户信息 /// <summary> /// 根据用户ID获得用户信息(获得数据) /// </summary> /// <param name="sessionKey">sessionKey</param> /// <param name="id">用户id</param> /// <returns>result</returns> public ApiResult<Users> GetUserById( string sessionKey,int id) { Users modelUsers = _users.GetUserByUsersId(id); if (modelUsers != null) { return new ApiResult<Users>("1","获取用户信息成功",modelUsers); } else return new ApiResult<Users>("0","无此用户信息",null); } #endregion /// <summary> /// 新用户注册(增加数据) /// </summary> /// <param name="modelUsers"></param> /// <returns>result</returns> [HttpPost, Route("api/UserRegistration")] public ApiResult<bool> UserRegistration(string sessionKey, AddUserRq modelUsers) { Users usersModel=new Users(); usersModel.IsActive = true; usersModel.Password = modelUsers.Password; usersModel.Permissions = 2; usersModel.Phone = modelUsers.Phone; usersModel.Sex = modelUsers.Sex; usersModel.TrueName = modelUsers.TrueName; usersModel.UserName = modelUsers.UserName; return _users.RegistrationNewUsers(usersModel); } }
此随笔乃本人学习工作记录,如有疑问欢迎在下面评论,转载请标明出处。
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2017-11 代码及数据库文件已经上传至