Unit 2 the universal language
1. Music is the utmost in life. Music is the clear spring of life. Music is the furnace of temperamental refinement. Universal 宇宙的；通用的；全球的
Utmost adj. a.极端的;极度的;最远的;最高的 n.极度;极端;最大限度 Furnace n.火炉;熔铁炉;磨炼;严酷的考验 vt.在炉中加热;(似火炉般)散发
Temperamental a.气质的;易生气的;敏感的,神经质的;多变的;冲动的 temperament 性情;气质 [音乐]平均律;调和(节)
Refinement n.精炼,精制;文雅;精密;巧妙;精炼的产品;精心的安排;巧妙的发挥;改善
2. Make a profile of an english song. Profile n.侧面;轮廓;形象;简介 v.描绘 ... 轮廓;评论人物
3. Musical instruments come in a wide range of types. 4. Known as a blind erhu artist 5. Improve the erhu instrument and its performing techniques. 6. An Astrian composer, famous for symphony ..and pinao concerto. compose v. (1)创作（音乐），作曲；撰写
Mozart composed his last opera shortly before his death.
She spent her spare time composing poems.她利用空闲时间写诗。 (2)组成,构成(一个整体) 不用于进行时。
常见搭配: be composed of =be made up of=consist of (整体)由...组成/构成
Water is composed of/is made up of/ consists of hydrogen and oxygen.水由氢和氧组成。 composer n. [C]作曲家，创作者
composition n. [U]成分,构成;作曲,创作; [C](音乐、艺术、诗歌的)作品
READIN; G understanding culture through music
1. I watched a performance of...., a beautiful violin concerto composed by ....
2. It is a piece that really deserves to be heard. Sth deserve doing/ to be done.
1. deserve +n. /pron. 值得....，应得.....
deserve to do sth. 应该做某事(主语通常为sb. )
His children’s books are classics that deserve knowing much better/to be much better known. 他的童书都是经典作品，值得为更多人所知晓。
注：deserve有时可用作反语，表示“罪有应得，活该”，常用于get what sb. deserves People who are sent to prison for drinking-driving get what they deserve. 3. The music took me through the twists and turns of a classic story about a young couple torn apart by their families.
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聂老师高考英语讲义
Twists and turns 故事的转折， 突然变化 Tear apart 使关系亲密的人分开
tear n 眼泪 泪珠 泪水–tears 破洞 裂缝 裂口 tear v 撕碎 扯碎 撕掉 撤掉
tear part 分开 使分离 tear down 拆毁 拆除 tear up 撕开 摧毁 拆毁 tear off 扯下 脱下 4. The music is light and pleasant, as if whispering to the audience. please –pleased（人）—pleasant（物）- pleasure（n） whisper(1) vt. & vi.小声说，低语
whisper sth. to sb.对某人低声说某事 whisper (sth.) in sb.’s ear在某人耳边低声说(某事) He whispered the message to David in order to avoid being overheard by others. 他悄声把消息告诉了戴维，以免被别人听见。
(2) n. [C] 低语,耳语 in a whisper/in whispers低声地
They talked with each other in a whisper /in whispers in the comer. It is whispered that···有人私下说
5. It is followed by a fast and cheerful section which represents their three happy years of school. 6. Then the music gets dramatic with heavier notes and that is when the lovers are separated because zhu’s father forces her to marry another man. drama 喜剧 –dramatic 激动人心的 引人注目的 喜剧的夸张的 7. Angry and sad, liang falls ill and die. Zhu weeps bitterly over the loss of her love. weep vi weep for/with/at/over sth 因···而哭泣 流泪 vt weep bitter tears of disappointment.
N have a good weep 好好哭一场 8. Overcome with sorrow, she jumps into grave. overcome v. (overcame-overcome) (1) vt. 受到...的极大影响
be overcome by/with... 被...(某种情绪)控制；受到极大影响
Her parents were overcome with great sadness at the funeral. 在葬礼上她的父母悲痛欲绝. (2) 克服困难，解决；战胜
overcome problems/difficulties/fear(s)/shyness/the enemy解决问题/克服困难/克服恐惧/克服羞怯/战胜敌人
sorrow=sadness 悲痛 悲伤 grave n 坟墓 墓穴 死亡 去世（文学性的用法） He followed her to the grave .
adj 严重的 严峻的 a grave danger 严肃的 庄重的 a grave look
9. During the most exciting part, the music takes a softer turn and ends on a bittersweet note, telling us how the couple transform into butterflies and fly away to be together forever. transform vt 使改变形态外观或性质（一般变好） transform···into···把···变成 a bright light will transform your bedroom . Bittersweet 又苦又甜 苦乐参半
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聂老师高考英语讲义
10. The performance combines chinese and western elements; it is played on western instruments such as the violin, but significantly, much of the music has its roots in .... combine vt combine A with B n. combination 联合 混合 11. This unique combination has made me realized that music is indeed a universal language. 12. You should definitely listen to butterfly lovers--- i bet you will like it. I bet 我保证
Passage 2
1. Life is as interesting as i thought it would be .
2. I can rely on them to introduce me to some great songs. rely on =rely upon 依赖，依靠；信任；信赖 rely on/upon sb. to do sth.指望/依靠某人做某事 rely on/upon it that... 相信/指望.....(it为形式主语)
The success of this project relies on each of us to spare no effort.
You may rely on it that he will come to see you.你放心好了，他会来看你的。 reliable a. 可靠的，可信赖的
3. It turns out that country music became popular....ant then spread across the nation. 4. It grew out of such music types as the blues and folk music.
5. The tune are easy to sing, and the lyrics leave you deep in thought.
6. Most of songs are about hardship and heartbreak, but also about hope--- with plenty of humour thrown in for good measure. throw in 奉送 额外赠送 We will throw in a free schoolbag 随口说出 无意中说 for good measure 作为额外添加 附加地
7. You can feel an emotional connection between ...and ... 8. Obviously i do not know what it is truly like to grow up in rural , but tha masters of country music can make you feel like you are there. 9. The simple tunes and beautiful natural images are often very suggestive of countryside surroundings.
Suggestive 使人想起。。。的 引起联想的 是。。。的暗示 The headache is suggestive of raised blood pressure.
She turned and threw him a suggestive grin. 冲他意味深长地一笑
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聂老师高考英语讲义
The natural images are suggestive of realities.
10. I guarantee you will like it. guarantee
(1) vt.保证，担保
guarantee sb. sth. 向某人保证某事 guarantee to do sth.保证做某事 guarantee that... 保证.... (2) n.保证，担保；保修单
under guarantee 在保修期内 a guarantee of... ...的保障/保证 He gave me a guarantee that it would never happen again. Wealth is not always a guarantee of happiness.
PART B
1. Music has the power to transform our lives. 2. To give the public more access to music, we will put on a series of free concerts. 3. It will be held in front of the arch in the downtown square
4. You will enjoy the ....., one of the china’s greatest contributions to classic music.
5. It is well received across the world. 6. The musical piece, an adaptation of...., tells how the Chinese people ,led by the communist party of chins, fought to overcome the Japanese invaders. adaptation (1) n.[c]改编本，改写本
He is working on a screen adaptation of the best-selling book. (2) n.[u]适应 adaptation to... 对......的适应
She made good adaptation to the new surroundings here, which made her parents delighted. adapt v.改编，改写；(使)适应
be adapted from 由......改编而来 adapt (oneself) to... (使自己)适应.......
communist 主义的 主义者 communism 主义 invade vt 侵犯 侵略— invader 侵略者
7. IT CONSISTS OF 4 MOVEMENTS，defend the yellow river. consist of (整体)由...组成/构成=be made up of=be composed of 不能用于被动语态和进行时态,但可以用consisting of 作后置定语。
Rock music consists of many different styles.
It’s a simple dish to prepare, consisting of rice and vegetables. defend
(1) v. 保卫，防御
defend...against/from... 保护/保卫......免受......之害（=protect...against/from） defend against/from... 抵御......
A good diet, plenty of sleep and regular exercise can improve our ability to defend against any disease.
(2) v.辩解，辩白；为...辩护
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聂老师高考英语讲义
defend oneself 自我辩护
He had to defend himself against their charges.他必须为自己辩解,反驳他们的指控. n. defence in defence of...为了保卫......
8. The difficult piano solo in particular deserves a mention.
Grammar
1. In china’s Spring and Autumn and Warring States period, there lived a man named boya, who was a master of the qin. 2. He played so well that everyone enjoyed listening to his music and thought highly of his techniques. 3. Buya did not say anything before playing the qin, yet zhongziqi was able to paint a picture of great mountain ranges in his mind. 4. When boya continued playing, zhongziqi said he had heard the sound of a river flowing quickly. 5. Boya had intended to call the piece high mountains and flowing water. flow vi 流动 涌入 flow into 充满 有的是 money flowed in their family. N 流动 连贯 涨潮 stop the flow of blood 止血 go with the flow 随大溜
6. However, zhongziqi failed to show up on that day.
7. When boya heard about his death, he was overcome with sorrow. 8. Since the only person that understands my music is gone, it is no use keeping the qin. 9. What music is capable of representing mankind?
10. Two spacecraft called... were sent out to explore the solar system. spacecraft 单复数同形 aircraft 航天器
11. He believed intelligent life existed on other planets.
12. The music was intended as a universal language to greet intelligent life in space if there is any.
13. They got down to choosing suitable music. get down to doing 开始着手做··· =set about doing=set out to do=go about doing get through 接通/打通(电话);设法处理，完成
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聂老师高考英语讲义
get (sth.) across (to sb.) 把...讲清楚；被理解 suitable合适的，适宜的，适当的
be suitable for sb./sth.适合某人/某物 I don’t think he is suitable for the position. be suitable to do sth.适合做某事
I don’t have anything suitable to wear for the party.
suit v. 适合，合心意 [c]套装 No dish suits all tastes.众口难调.
14. They had trouble selecting which pieces of music to include.
15. China is represented by a recording ..playing an ancient piece called....
16. The sound of the qin will one day be heard on a distant planet. distant (1) adj.遥远的，久远的,远处的 be distant from sth. 离某物远
A short-sighted person cannot focus on distant objects. My hometown is small and distant from the cities. (2) 冷淡的，疏远的，不友好的
With time going by, she became more and more distant to us. (3) 远亲的，远房的
It was after a family conversation that I found out she was actually my distant cousin. distantly adv. distance n.距离；遥远；疏远 in the distance在远处 from a distance从远处 at a distance of... 在......远的地方(of后跟具体的距离)
We can see the waterfall in the distance, whose sound can be heard at a distance of two miles. It looks quite beautiful from a distance. Integrated skills 1. When the radio presenter announced that he was going to play the latest single by.... 2. The whole country was in a state of... 3. I turned up the volume and stood staring at the radio, holding my breath and waiting for the first notes of the song. stare vi.凝视，盯着看 n.[c]凝视，注视 stare at sb.盯着某人看
She stared at the painting, wondering where she had seen it. stare at指长时间盯着某个目标看，且带有粗鲁、茫然或不礼貌的意味。 glare at指怒视，强调敌对或威胁态度。
glance at 指匆匆一看或瞥一眼，强调看的时间短暂。
It’s impolite to stare at foreign visitors in the street.
She glanced at the envelope and recognized her uncle’s handwriting. He didn’t shout but glared at me silently breath n.呼吸 breathe v.呼吸
hold one’s breath 屏息以待，焦虑地等待；屏住呼吸
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聂老师高考英语讲义
They held their breath to see who would win the election. take a deep breath深吸一口气
out of breath 喘不过气，上气不接下气
4. It was definitely the beatles. His voice was unmistakable but the sound was different. 5. When the song had finished, i stood not knowing whether i liked it or not. 6. Different beats, tunes and a combination of different instruments meant that it took time for me to uncover the beauty of the song. 7. They were a force for change. They exploded onto the music scene in 1962 as four men with unique haircuts. 8. They immediately grabbed the attention of young people and the youth of country were being swept along on waves of joyous rock music and the hope for a better future. grab vt 抓住 grab sth vi 试图抓住 grab at sth sweep 打扫 席卷 吹走 清除
sweep sth away 彻底消除 完全打消 sweep my doubt sweep sth out 打扫干净 清扫干净
9. I have in my collection every disc ever made by the beatles. 10. I truly love their music and enjoy looking at their musical journey from basic rock and roll, through their experimentation with more complicated and progressive sounds and then back to the less complicated music of their final records. complicated adj 复杂的 难懂的= complex复杂 的难懂的 11. I can picture my bedroom decorated with posters of the fab four smiling down at me and i can see myself riding my bicycle through country lanes singing at the top of my voice. 12. Their music has accompanied me throughout my life. accompany (1) v.陪同，陪伴 be accompanied by... 在......的陪同下
Children under 14 must be accompanied by an adult when playing this game. (2) 伴随，与...同时发生 be accompanied by
A cold is usually accompanied by sneering and fever. (3) 为...伴奏
accompany sb. at/on sth.用某物为某人伴奏
company n 陪伴 with the company of in company with 与···一起
13. It has helped me look to the future with expectation and now it helps me
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聂老师高考英语讲义
reflect on my life with quiet satisfaction. expect –expectation live up to one’s expectation 不辜负某人的期待 expectation n.希望，盼望；预料，预期；期待 live up to one’s expectations 达到某人的期望
expect v.期待；预料 expected a.预料的，预期的
unexpected a.出乎意料的，始料未及的 unexpectedly adv.
Project
---Beethoven; a remarkable life
1. A crowd of music lovers streamed into a theatre to hear the first-ever performance of ....
Stream onto...涌进 First ever 第一次
2. They broke into enthusiastic cheers at the end of the symphony. enthusiastic a.热情的,热心的 be enthusiastic about (doing) sth. enthusiasm n.热情，热心 with enthusiasm怀着热情 enthusiastically adv.热情地 3. Beethoven, who was almost completely deaf at this point in his life, was unaware of the audience’s response until one of the singers turned him around to face the crowd. 4. He saw a sea of people all standing, clapping, and waving their hats and handkerchiefs to express their appreciation of his masterwork. 5. Symphony no. 9 was his last major piece of music in a vast body of works written throughout his remarkable life. A vast body of 无数的， 数不尽的 remarkable非凡的；引人注意的
6. Not long after, he began to be appreciated for his piano performances. 7. By the time he was a teenager, he had already enjoyed a reputation as a wonderful young musician. reputation n.名誉，名声 have a good/bad reputation有好/坏名声 earn/build/enjoy a reputation 赢得/树立/享有声誉
ruin one’s reputation 毁坏某人的名声 live up to one’s reputation名副其实 8. Many important figures in the music world, including the brilliant musician mozart, started making predictions about his extraordinary future. brilliant adj 聪颖的 技艺高超的a brilliant scientist 巧妙的 很成功的 a brilliantcareer 明亮的 鲜艳的 sunshine 杰出的 很好的 Brilliant！ prediction n.预言，预测 make a prediction/predictions predict v.预言，预告，预报
It is predicted that... 据预测/据预报
It is predicted that the weather will get better tomorrow.
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聂老师高考英语讲义
extraordinary extra + ordinary 非凡的 9. However, life took a sharp turn.
10. In his late twenties, he suffered one of the worst possible twists for a musician: he started to lose his hearing.
11. The loss of his hearing deeply depressed him. depress vt 使抑郁 使沮丧 使消沉 萧条 不景气 depressed –depressing—depression
12. He was so upset that he wanted to keep it a secret. upset vt 打翻 使烦恼 搅扰 adj 伤心的 失落的 失望的 13. How could i possibly admit a weakness in the one sense which should be more perfect in me than in others, a sense which i once possessed in the greatest perfection.
possess vt.有，拥有；具有(特质). 不用于进行时。 possession n.[u]拥有，具有 n.[c,usually pl.]私人物品，个人财产 take possession of... 拥有...
in possession of...拥有...（主语通常是人）
in the possession of... 为...所有(主语通常是物)
The girl is in possession of the car. = The car is in the possession of the girl.
Sense 意义；理解的方式；看待。。。的角度
In a sense 从某种意义上 in some senses 在一定意义上 There is a sense in which we are all to blame. For the accident.
14. In his darkest moments, however, he never abandoned hope. abandon (1)v.放弃，中止；抛弃；舍弃 abandon one’s hope/plan/idea (2)v. 陷入，沉湎于(某种情感)
abandon oneself to 沉湎于，陷入（to 为介词）
Abandoning himself to the sorrow of losing his cat, Steven just couldn’t help crying. abandoned a.被遗弃的；废弃的；放纵的
15. Despite his hearing loss, he was determined to find a way to continue living a life full of music. Despite= in spite of + n. Despite the heavy rain = in spite of the heavy rain, he still comes here. 16. He used a variety of hearing aids to try to increase the amount of sound he could take in. 17. When composing music at the piano, he would put one end of a pencil in his mouth and place the other end against the instrument so that he could feel the notes. 18. It became increasingly difficult for him to perform in public.
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聂老师高考英语讲义
19. When he presented the music, it was his first time on stage in over ten years.
20. It became one of the most famous and treasured pieces in the history of classical music.
21. All of a sudden the whole orchestra breaks into an energetic theme. all of sudden =suddenly 突然 22. You can feel the determination --a quality he understood well because of his hearing difficulties---coursing through the music. Course vt. 快速流动， 奔流
He turned around and tears coursed down his cheeks. 23. The next two movements are full of desperate lows and uplifting highs which reflect both his suffering and his strong will to fight it. desperate a. (1) a.绝望的，孤注一掷的；拼命的，不惜冒险的
He was desperate when he lost all his life-saving money. (2) a.极其需要的，渴望，极想
be desperate for sth.极想要某物 The man lost in the desert was desperate for water. be desperate to do sth.极想做某事He was desperate to get a job to support his family. desperation n.[u]绝望，拼命 in desperation 在绝望中
desperately adv.极度地；拼命地；绝望地
uplifting adj 振奋人心的 鼓舞人心的
24. The music moves through technically difficult sections with ease, showing his genius as a composer. ease n.&v
(1) n.[u]容易，舒适，自在 with ease轻易，毫不费劲 at ease 放松 He was intelligent and capable of passing his exams with ease Knowing that the children were safe, his mind was at ease.
(2) v.减轻，缓解 ease the pain/stress/tension/burden减轻疼痛/压力/紧张/负担
1. genius n 天才 天赋 才能 本领 have a genius for ···
天才人物 he is a genius in···
25. He connects all of the different variations into a joyful chorus. variation n 变化 变更 变种 变奏 vary—various –variation—variety 26. As his last great work, his symphony no. 9 was also a finale to his life. finale 结尾 结局 终场 末乐章 rhythm 节奏 韵律 律动 规律 symphony 交响乐 交响曲
27. For his amazing achievements and for his determination in his darkest days, he is regarded as one of the most remarkable musicians who ever lived. 10
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