名词性从句名词性从句（主语、表语、宾语、同位语从句）
（一）主语从句
1．定义：用作主语从句叫做主语从句。
2．组成：关联词+简单句
3．引导主语从句关联词有三类：
(1)隶属连词that。如：
Thatthey were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblancebetween them.
很显著，她们确是亲姐妹，她们脸型很相同。
(2)隶属连词whether。如：
Whetherhe’llcome here isn’tclear. 她是否会来这里还不清楚。
连接副词where,when, how, why。如：Whatshe did is not yet known. 她干了什么尚不清楚。
解释：
1．主语从句能用it作形式上主语。常以it作形式主语句型有：
A.It+be+形容词(obvious,true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely,certain,
probable,etc.)+that从句。如：
Itis certain that she will do well in her exam. 毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。
B.It+be+名词词组(nowonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that从句。如：
It’s a pity that we can’t go. 很遗憾我们不能去。。
C.It+seem, happen 等不及物动词及短语+that 从句。如：
Itseems that Alice is not coming to the party at all. Alice似乎不来参与晚会。
D.It+doesn’tmatter (makes no difference, etc.)+连接代词或连接副词引发主语从句。如：
Itdoesn’tmatter whether she will come or not. 她是否来这无关紧要。
F.当that引导主语从句出现在疑问句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。如：
Doesit matter much that they will not come tomorrow? 她们明天不来很要紧吗？
G.当主语从句出现在感叹句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。如：
Howstrange it is that the children are so quiet! 孩子们这么平静真奇怪！
2．注意连接代词whoever,whatever, whichever等引导主语从句含义
Whoevercomes will be welcome. (whoever=the person who) 来人将受到欢迎。
（二）表语从句
1．定义：用作表语从句叫做表语从句。
3．引导表语从句关联词种类：2．组成：关联词+简单句
(1)隶属连词that。如：
Thetrouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦是我把她地址丢了。
(2)隶属连词whether,as, as if。如：
Helooked just as he had looked ten years before. 她看起来还和十年前一样。
注：隶属连词if通常不用来引导表语从句，但asif 却可引导表语从句
能跟表语从句谓语动词通常为系动词be,seem, look 等。如：
Itlooked as if it was going to rain. 看起来天要下雨了。
(3)连接代词who,whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever
连接副词where,when, how, why。
如：Thequestion is how he did it. 问题是她是怎样做此事。
解释：
1．连词because可引导表语从句。如：
Ithink it is because you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太多。
2．在部分表示“提议、劝说、命令”名词后面表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。
should+动词原形表示，should可省略。如：
Mysuggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我提议是我们明天一早就
出发。
注意：
1．what 引导 “…….+ is + what 表语从句”，= “…….+ is + 先行词that ……”，表示“.….是表语从
|
=Raw material is the thing that we are badly in need of.
2．when、where、why、whether、how引导
“…….+is+when、where、why、whether、how表语从句”，表示“.….是表语从句”
例：That’swhere we differ.
表语从句中只能用whether表示是否
例：Thequestion is whether we can finish our work by tomorrow morning.
3．that引导
“…….+is /remain/look/seem/appear +that表语从句”，表示“.….是表语从句”
例：What’stroubling me is that I don’t have much experience in this field.
主语是reason时，表语从句必需由that引出
例：Thereason Idon’t go there was thatI got a new job.
4．asif/as through引导
“……look/seem/appear/remain（系动词）+asif/as through 表语从句”，表示“.….仿
佛表语从句” 例：Itlooks as if it is going to rain.
（三）宾语从句
1．定义：用作宾语从句叫宾语从句。
2．组成：关联词+简单句
3．引导宾语从句关联词有三类：
(1)隶属连词that。如：
Hetold us that he felt ill. 她对我们说她感到不舒适。
略。1．Everybodycould see what happened and that Tom was frightened.(and连接两个宾语从句，that
宾语从句放在and后面时，that不能省略。)大家全部会看出发生事情并知道Tom很害怕。
2．Iknow nothing about him except that he is from the south.(that引导宾语从句作介词宾语时，
that不能省略。)
对她我一无所知，只知道她是南方人。
3．Thathe ever said such a thing I simply don’tbelieve. (that从句在句首时，that不可省略。)
我简直不相信她曾说过这么话。
4．Wedecided, in view of his special circumstances, that we would admithim for a probationary
period. (主句谓语动词和that 从句之间有插入语，that 不可省略。)
鉴于她特殊情况，我们决定应允她一段试用期。
(2)隶属连词if/whether。如：
Idoubt whether he will succeed. 我怀疑她是否会成功。
(3)连接代词who,whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever
连接副词where,when, how, why。
如：Whoor what he was, Martin never learned.
(1)介词宾语从句
宾语从句也可用作介词宾语。如：
Hewas deeply displeased by what had occurred that day.
她对那天发生事感到很不快。
Iwalked over to where she sat. 我走向她坐地方。
有时介词能够省略。如：
足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。如：
Wethought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday.
我们认为小王昨天没来是奇怪。
Hehas made it clear that he will not give in.
她已表明她不会屈服。
2．作介词宾语：连词that引导名词性从句极少作介词宾语，只用在except,but, in后。其它部
分介词宾语从句假如由连词that引导，则需用it先行一步，作形式宾语。如：
He is a good student except that he is careless.
她是一个好学生，只是有点粗心。
Youmay rely on it that I shall help you. 你能够指望我会帮助你。
介词宾语不能够用which来引导，而要用what来引导。如：
Areyou sorry for what you've done?
你为你所做一切感到内疚吗？
3．一些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，这类形容词或过去分词有sure,glad, certain,
pleased,happy, afraid, surprised, satisfied等，连词that可省略。如：
Iam not sure what I ought to do.
我不能确定我该做什么。
4．连词whether(…ornot)或if引导宾语从句
if和whether引导宾语从句能够交换使用，但whether常和ornot连用，if通常不和ornot连
用。如：
否定意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式。如：
Idon’tthink you are right. 我认为你错了。
6．宾语从句时态改变规律：
(1)当主句是通常现在时态时，从句可依据需要用任何时态。
(2)当主句是通常过去时态时，从句只能使用过去范围内任何时态。但客观真理除外。如：
Theteacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
老师说地球绕着太阳运行。
注意：that 引导
“主语 + 谓语动词 + that 宾语从句”，表示“…..做（动作）宾语从句”
例：Thepupils said (that) the questions were too difficult.
that可省略
“Sb.don’tdoubt（否定/疑问句）+that宾语从句”：否定怀疑时，必需用that
例：Idon’t doubt that he is telling the truth.
“discuss+ that 宾语从句”：discuss后面必需跟that引导宾语从句
例：Wediscussed that we should put off the meeting.
若that引导宾语从句还有补足语话，需引入形式并和it，即“动词+it + 宾语补足
语+that宾语从句”
例：Clintonwants to make it clear to the public that the government willinvestigate the event
seriously.
（四）同位语从句
等，关联词多用隶属连词that。如：
Theywere all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.
对你生病这件事，她们全部很焦虑。
注：同位语从句偶然由隶属连词whether引导。如：
Ihave no idea whether he’llcome or not. 我不知道她是否来。
连接代词who,which, what和连接副词where,when, why, how亦可引导同位语从句。
Thequestion who should do the work requires consideration.
谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。
We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.
到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。
Itis a question how he did it.
那是一个她怎样做了此事问题。
解释：
1．that引导同位语从句和定语从句之区分
that引导同位语从句，that引导定语从句
功效上：that只起连接从句作用，无意义。在从句中不充当句子成份。不可省。
that替换先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用，还充当一个句子成份。如在从句中作动词宾语时
可省略。
意义上：从句是被修饰名词内容。从句起限定作用，是定语
如：Thenews that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true. (同位语从句，that不可省。)
李先生将是我们新英语老师这个消息是真。
动词原形表示。should可省。如：
Thisis our only request that this (should) be settled as soon aspossible.
这就是我们唯一请求：立即处理这个问题。
注意：that引导
“fact/fear/news/message/word/story/question/problem/truth/hope/idea/promise/
suggestion/belief/doubt/evidence（抽象名词）+that同位语从句+谓语+其它”
例：Thenews that he intended to come gave us much pleasure.
若同位语从句较长，可将在主句谓语动词提前，将同位语从句置后
例：Evidencecame up thatspecific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 months
old.
名词性从句专题练习
1．____hedoes has nothing to do with me.
A.whatever B. No matter what C. That D. If
2. The manager came over and asked the customer how____
A. did the quarrel came about C. had the quarrel come about
B.the quarrel had come about
D.had the quarrel come about
A. what B. something C. anything D. that3. Energy is ____makes thing work..
admitted into universities. A. while B. that C. when D. as
5. This is ___the shenzhou V Spaceship landed.
A. there B. in which C. where D. when 6. They have no idea at all____.
A. where he has gone B. where did he go
C. which place has he gone D. where has he gone
7. The doctor did a lot to reduce the patient’s fear ____he would die of the disease.
A. that B. which C. of which D. of that
8. The order came ___the soldiers ____the small village the next morning.
A. that ;had to leave B. that; should leave
C. /; must leave D. when; should leave
9. ___is no possibility ____Bob can win the first prize in the match.
A. There; that B. It; that C. there; whether D. It; whether
10.The question came up at the meeting_____ we had enough money for ourresearch.
A. that B. which C. whether D. if
11.Is _____he said really true?
A. that B. what C. why D. whether
12.____themeeting should last two days or three days doesn’t matter.
A. That B. Whether C. If D. Where
13.It worried her a bit _____her hair was turninggray.
A. while B. if
A. Whether B. This C. who D. If
15.____hewill go to work in a mountain village surprises all of us.
A. What B. That C. Whether D. If
16.____you don’t like him is none of my business.
A. What B. That | C. Who | D. How |
17.____allthe inventions have in common is ____they have succeeded. A. What; what B. That; that C. what; that D. That ; what
18. ____appeared to me that he enjoyed the food very much.
A. What | B. It | C. All that | D. That |
|
19.It is widely ______that smoking can cause cancer.
A. believed B. think | C. say | D. hoped |
20.____caused the accident is still a complete mystery.
A. What | B. That | C. How | D. Where |
Keys: 1—5 ABABC 6—10 AABAC 11—15 BBCAB 16—20 BCBAA
１、（ ）______of Class Six do what they can to help the orphan is known to
everyonein our school.
AThe students BWhatever the students
CWhat the students DThat the students
AWhat BThat CHow DWhen 2、（ ）______caused the accident is still a completely mystery.
3、
seriousdisease soon.（
Awhen Bhow C whether Dwhy
4、（ ）Thisis ______ the river was polluted.
Awhat Bhow Cthat Dwhether
5、（ ）Itsounds ______ the situation is unlikely to improve.
Aas if Bhow Cas Dso that
6、（ ）Thereis a general feeling in them ______ they are dissatisfied with thegame
resultthe Chinese football team got.
A that | B which | C of which | D what |
|
7、（ ）Ihave no idea ______ .
Awhat does this sentence mean
Bwhat the meaning of this sentence
Cwhat this sentence means
Dwhat is the meaning of this sentence
8、（ ）Ido not care ______ it does not rain cats and dogs.
Awhether Bweather Cthat D/
9、（ ）MissLin felt ______ .
Aan honour that she was a teacher
Bthat she was a teacher an honour
Cit an honour whether she was a teacher
10、（Dit an honour that she was a teacher
Aexcept Bexcept that Cexcept for Dexcept when
巩固练习
1、（ ）______really concerned her was that her own son lacked too many hours of
sleepevery day.
AWhich BWhy CThat DWhat
2、（ ）______has eyes can see ______ great progress we have made recently.
ANo matter who ; how BWhoever ; what
CWho ; what DWho ; how
3、（ ）______surprised me most was the sudden change of his attitude.
AThat BWhich CWhat DIt
4、（ ）______he had not looked the door before he left.
AThat occurred to him BHe occurred that
CTo him it occurred DIt occurred to him that
5、（ ）______has not been decided yet.
AWhen a meeting is taking place
BWhen a meeting will be taken place
CWhen will a meeting take place
DWhen a meeting will take place
6、（ ）______is necessary to us all is ______ we must know what we are fit for .
AIt ; what
7、（CWhat ; that
Awhether Bthat C if Dwhat
8、（ ）______we shall make the trip depends on ______ much money we have got.
AThat ; how BWhether ; how
CWhen ; so DIf ; how
9、（ ）______we will start the experiment depends on ______ we can get enough
money.
AIf ; whether BWhether ; whether
CWhether ; that DIf ; that
10、（ ）Hesaid that he was not interested in having a car , but ______ he couldnot
affordone.
Athe fact that B the fact that was
Cthe fact was that D it was the fact
11、（ ）Ihad neither a raincoat nor an unbrella .______ I got wet through.
AIt is reason B That is why
CThere is why DIt is how
12、（ ）Theproblem is ______ or not we can find the right person to deal withthe
situation.
Awhy Bhow Cif D whether
13、（ ）Shanghaiis no longer ______ it used to be twenty years ago.
Ait Bthat Dwhich
excited.14、（
Awhich ; won Bthat ; won
Cthat ; defeated Dwhat ; defeated
15、（ ）Thequestion sometimes comes to my mind ______ it was worth the effort.
Awhether Bif Cif only D that
16、（ ）Oneof the men held the view ______ the book said was right.
Awhat that Bthat what
Cthat which D which that
17、（ ）Wethought the idea ______ were computer lessons was a good one.
Athat we should have B having
Cwhich we have Dabout to have
18、（ ）Thereis a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars ______road
conditionsneed ______ .
Athat ; to be improved Bwhich ; to be improved
Cwhere ; improving Dwhen ; improving
19、（ ）Youshould concentrate ______ the teacher says in class.
Aon which Bat that
Cover what Don what
20、（ ）-Whichcar do you think ______ presently?
-Themost expensive one.
Awill she buy
21、（Cshe will buy
Awhich Bwhat C that D how
22、（ ）Withhis camera , he kept taking pictures ______ he did and saw.
Awhere Bwhich C of which Dof what
key
1~5DACBA 6~10 ACCDD
1~5DBCDD 6~10 CABBC 11~15 BDCBA 16~20 BAADC 21~22 DD
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